collins



TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it knownthat we, A. HARVEY CALHOUN and GEORGE W.-OoLLINs, of WestLebanon, in the county of @ghtitrh gimme igetrttt @ffire.

AyHARVEY CALHOUN AND GEORGE W. COLLINS, OF. WEST LEBANON,

PENNSYLVANIA.

Letters Patent No. 81,595, dated September 1, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN SPOKE-TENONING MAGHINES.

Indiana, and Stateof Pennsylvania, have invented anew and improvedSpoke-Tenoning' Machine; and we do hereby declare that the following isa full, clear, and exact descriptionthereof, which will enable thoseskilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had-to theaccompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which-Figure 1 is a plan view of our machine.

Figure 2 is an end view of the same.

Figure-3 is an enlarged detail viewof the cutters.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

This invention'is for the purpose of cutting the tenons of wagon-wheelspokes, and consists of the parts and devices now tobe set forth. 7' I--In the accompanyingplate of drawings the general frame of the machineis shown to consist of'the bedframe, supported by the legs A. i i IShort posts or stanchions, B, are recessed to fit on and enclosea'portion of theframe-bed, as shown, the said stanchions being boltedthereto in a suitable and firm manner.

Projecting horizontally from-the said stanchions B, a-nd firmly ailixedthereto by bolts or other means, are the snsh-guides'd, through whichthe rods d of the sash-frame a a, d d'workup and down with easy andfinished contact;

Projecting downward from'theupper cross-bar of the sash-frame are shownthe cutter-holders, each of which consists of a sttaight bar, m, bracedby a curved brace, o, the said bar and brace being of iron. These areshown aiiixed to the cross-bar by means of tenons and keys, but inpractice nuts and screw-threads on the tenons are substituted for thekeys. V K

The slots or mortises in thecro'ss-bar are made somewhat wider thanthetenons, for the purpose of adjusting the cutter-holders laterally, to'cut tenons of various widths; i v v v The form of the cutters is bettershownat fig. 3, where they will be seen to consist of the cutting-edgesn and l, the former cutting the side of-thetenon and the latter cuttingthe shoulder thereof. These cutting-edges n and I may be at a rightangle with each other, or they maybe at an angle greater than ninetydegrees. In

the latter case the tenen will be tapering, and therebyjbe made to fitmore snugly in the hub, These cutters are of steel, and are affixed tothe bars m by belts, or othersnitablo means.

The bars m sustain the direct thrust or strain of the cutters, while thebrace o prevents any lateral springing of the bars m. V

The spoke, when being cut, rests longitudinally upon the bed I), withits tench-end abutting against the gauge-plate lo, which is adjustableto and fro by tho SQtrSCI'GW and slot, ,asshown.

The spoke also is laterally in contactwith the side-gauge E, which isadjustable by means of slots and setscrews it.

The lower cross-bur of the'sash-irame. is connected with the treadlef bya link, j, as shown, the said treadle projecting from a shaft, e, havingbearings in the legs A. v p I e By hearingupon the treadle withthe foot,the sash-frame and cutters are brought down upon the butt of the. spokeas it lies in contact with the gaugesk and E, (which latteris adjustedfor that object,) and cuts a tenon of the spokeat a single downwardstroke of the cutters. I

The bed D is not firmly 'aflixed. to the bed-fraino A, but its front endrests in a recess cut in the cross-beam of the frame, thegauge-platc itmerely projecting'a short distance beyond the end of the said bed. Thebed is thus permitteda sufficient elevation at its rear end to hold thespokes when the latter are to be tenoned, with i more or less dish, asit is termed. Screws 7: it serve to raise the rear end when the spokesare to be so cut.

In practice, the sash-frame is of metal, as is also the cutter-holderand guides or boxes (1.

A spring, g, of rubber or metal, raises the sash-frame when the pressureis removed from the treadle, as the said spring is attached to thebottom cross-bar of thesash-frame and the under-side of the bed D, or

other equivalent point.

Thus my machine provides a meansofcutting the tenons or spokesuniformly, rapidly, and exactly, and

.can be operated by an unskilled attendant.

With this machine a. single hand can tenon spokes ten-times faster thanbythe ordinary hand-labor, as]: have amply demonstrated by practiealtriahand its superiority over other maebifiesconsists generally in itsgreater rapidity, and ease of operation, but especially in the'faet thatthe tenons require no further dressing off or fitting for the hub, thespoke being ready to drive as itooines from the'maehinm The slight tapergiven to .the tenon also oonduoes toa perfect and sung fit in themortise. I The machine is of small cost, simple, and not liable to getout of repair, and supplies a want long felt by wheelwrights andvehiele-manufacturers.

We claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 7 The cutters lse attached to the adjustable straight bars m and the curved braces 0,all suspended from the upper cross-bar a of the sash-frame andconstructed, arranged, and operating as herein shown and described.

A. HARVEY CALHOUN,

GEORGE W. COLLINS.

Witnesses:

'l. M. Gouen, S. W. Vmrun.

